Concrete Cutting Core Drilling York ME Maine

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Concrete must be placed as soon as it is thoroughly mixed as it begins to set very quickly. Methods of placing vary with working conditions and the nature of the construction, but the following are useful rules for nearly every sort of work:

A. Place concrete in layers about 6 in. thick.

B. Pack it down lightly with a tamper or rammer until water shows on top. This makes the concrete mixture dense.

C. If a smooth surface is desired, such as on an exposed concrete wall, work a spade back and forth and up and down between the concrete and the form on the side which will be exposed to view. This brings the coating of mortar next to the form. Where a spade cannot be used substitute a thin wooden paddle, made from a board 1 in. by 4 in., sharpened to a chisel edge on one side of the end. Keep the flat side of the paddle next to the form with the sharpened side turned in. The dryer the concrete mixture is the more important the tamping and spading. Where any great strength is required reinforcing should be used. A concrete column, for instance, will support a tremendous load, but a side or lateral pressure of half the magnitude might cause the same column to fall. Concrete when reinforced with steel rods, wire and aggregate will be very strong. The weaker stone would hardly be selected for any important work. Usually a stone whose ultimate strength is 10,000 pounds per square inch or more, would he selected for a stone concrete arch. Such a stone could be used with a working pressure of 500 pounds per square inch at any joint, assuming that the line of pressure does not pass outside of the middle third at any joint.

There is always some uncertainty regarding the actual external forces acting on ordinary concrete arches. The ordinary stone concrete arch consists of a series of concrete, which are overlaid usually with a mass of earth or cinders having a depth of perhaps several feet, on top of which may be the pavement of a roadway. The spandrel concrete walls over the ends of the concrete arch, especially when made of squared stone masonry, also develop a concrete arch action of their own which materially modifies the loading on the concrete arch rings. As this, however, invariably assists the concrete arch, rather than weakens it, no modification of plan is essential on this account. The actual pressure 'of the earth filling, together with that caused by the live load passing over the concrete arch, on any one stone, is uncertain in very much the same way as the pressure on a retaining concrete wall is uncertain, as previously explained. The simplest plan is to consider that each concrete is carrying a load of earth equal to that indicated by lines from the joints in the concrete vertically upward to the surface.  Multiple strands, or wire mesh, has added strength and will stand considerable tension. Steel is elastic and when properly used with concrete imparts sufficient of this elasticity to make an ideal building material. Where a large amount of reinforcing on heavy work is required rods should be used. For flat work requiring less strength; wire mesh or in some cases any kind of wire is suitable. An invariable rule in placing reinforcing is to insert where the pull will come. Thus in a beam or slab it is close to the bottom, while in a concrete wall built to withstand earth pressure it is placed in the face nearest the earth. The development of the graphical method makes it more convenient to draw what is called a reduced load line on top of the concrete arch, in which the depth of earth above the concrete arch is reduced in the ratio of the relative weights per cubic foot of the earth filling and of the stone of which the concrete arch is made.

Are You in York Maine? Do You Need Concrete Cutting?

We Are Your Local Concrete Cutter

Call 207-284-0788

We Service York, ME and all surrounding Cities & Towns