Located Conveniently in York Maine Floor Sawing - Tests of mortar and concrete show that: strength and water-tightness increase with density, and so the best sand as to size is one which will produce the smallest volume of mortar of standard consistency when mixed with the given cement in the required proportions. To put it somewhat differently,-the best sand for strength, for water-tightness, and also for economy (as will be seen later) is one which is so graded from fine to coarse that the percentage of voids in the resulting mortar is reduced to a minimum. Such sand has a very coarse appearance as the amount of fine material required is small.
Asphalt Cutting - It has been found that the densest mixture occurs with particles of different sizes and also that the least density occurs when the grains are all of the same size. Coarse and fine sands are thus inferior to graded sands for concrete, but of the two extremes the coarse sand is preferable. The reason for this is due to the fact that the coarse sand has a less total grain surface in a unit volume, even when the sands considered contain portion of solid matter and voids. Less total grain surface means less cement and water to coat the grains, and less labor required in mixing. The additional amount of cement and water required in the case of the fine sand reduces the density of the resulting mortar and likewise its strength. (The density of neat cement ranges between 0.49 and 0.59, while the density of a sand mortar ranges from 0.60 for fine sand to 0.75 for coarse sand or well-graded sand.)
A fine sand is one containing more than 30 percent of particles that will pass a No. 40 sieve (diameter of hole =0.015 in.).
Concrete & Asphalt Flat Sawing in York Maine - The finer the sand, the more nearly uniform the size of the grains, and consequently the greater the proportion of voids. Fine sand is seldom satisfactory and should not be used unless coarse sand is not available. Even in such cases, tests of strength should be made with the idea of determining what extra cost may be justified in securing a coarser material for the mixture of concrete.
Concrete Cutting and Concrete Removal
The most accurate method of determining the value of sand with reference to its size is by means of a sieve analysis. This consists of sifting the sand through several different sieves, and then plotting upon a diagram the percentage by weight which is passed (or retained) by each sieve-abscises~ representing size and ordinates representing percentage. Fig. 1 represents the analyses of three natural sands-a fine, a medium, and a coarse well-graded sand. Uniform grading is indicated by an approach to a straight line. A standard size of sieve is 8 in. in diameter and 2 1/4 in. high. Woven brass wire sieves are employed for openings less than 1/10 in. in diameter; while for larger openings sheet brass is used, having circular openings drilled to the required dimensions. The woven brass wire sieves are given commercial numbers which approximately coincide with the number of meshes to the linear inch. The actual size of hole, however, varies with the gauge of wire used by different manufacturers and every set of sieves must be calibrated separately. A common defect in sieves is the displacing of the wires so that they are not perpendicular to each other; such sieves should be discarded. Sieves are made to fit together in nests, so that when a sample of sand is placed in the upper (or coarsest) sieve and the nest of sieves is thoroughly shaken, the quantity caught on each sieve can be determined at once.
Vermeer Carbide Sawing - A screen with 1/4-in, openings is generally employed for separating out large material from sand. Specifications should limit the maximum amount of loam or clay to be allowed in any given work. Loam should never be permitted, but clay to the amount of 5 to 10 per cent, if evenly divided, is often beneficial in lean mortars. In rich mortars the strength and density is decreased by even slight additions of clay; but in lean mortars the clay helps to fill the voids of the sand, and causes the cementing material to coat the grains better and to bind them together more strongly.
Brokk Demolition Robots - Broken stone screenings have a small percentage of voids and, when free from clay, usually make excellent sand. These screenings ordinarily give a stronger mortar than natural sand but are likely to contain an undue amount of dust, especially when obtained from soft stone; in such a case the mass should be screened before being used in mixing mortar or concrete. Gravel screenings also constitute a good material in place of sand. All material passing a 1/4-in, screen is generally considered as sand, or fine aggregate; while all material larger than this size is classed as coarse aggregate.
Wall Sawing - Stone - For the coarse aggregate, either crushed stone or gravel is generally used. Any stone is suitable which is clean and durable and which has sufficient strength to prevent the strength of the concrete from being limited by the strength of the stone. Trap, granite, limestone, and the more compact sandstone are generally employed. Aggregates containing soft, flat, or elongated particles should never be used.
Servicing the Following Cities and Towns in Maine ME - Biddeford, Saco, Acton, Alfred, Arundel, Berwick, Buxton, Cornish, Dayton Maine, Eliot, Hollis, Kennebunk, Kennebunkport, Kittery, Lebanon, Limerick, Limington, Lyman, Newfield, North Berwick, Ogunquit Maine, Old Orchard Beach, Parsonsfield, Sanford, Shapleigh, South Berwick, Waterboro, Wells and York.
